By: Brice Allen

Aside from the obvious – that any act of terrorism is a crime – many law enforcement officers do not to see the connection between crime and terrorism. Often times, law enforcement officers look at terrorism as something that will not, at least not very likely; impact them, their communities, or their day to day policing duties. Terrorism is frequently viewed as something that happens elsewhere – in major cities or in foreign counties – it is not something that happens in small towns or rural counties. Unfortunately, this view can be incorrect.

Many terrorist organizations are conceptually similar to other organized criminal groups - both in structure and even in their use of violence depending on their desired goals. The types of criminal activity that we see commonly associated with criminal gangs is the same as those that we see being committed by terrorist groups or extremist individuals who support terrorist groups and their operations. Identity theft, money laundering, trafficking of drugs and the crimes associated with it, weapons offenses, and human trafficking and smuggling are just some of the crimes that both international and local criminal and terrorist organizations profit from.

While it is evident that terrorist groups have adopted traditional criminal methods to finance their operations; it has also become evident that criminal groups, such as drug trafficking organizations, have adopted terrorist tactics to further their operations as well. Kidnapping and murder of government officials, law enforcement officers, and rivals serve as an effective intimidation tactic. Drug cartels have repeatedly posted online video footage of gristly decapitations and have even left the skinned corpses of those that opposed them in public view as a warning to others. We can surmise that these groups did not think of these methods by themselves, but instead took a page from jihadists overseas who have committed the same types of atrocities and posted the videos online for the world to see.

In addition to the use of similar tactics, methods, and practices; we are beginning to see the exchange of ideologies and, in some instances, even personnel. For decades there have been criminal street gangs that supported the domestic extremist belief of racial superiority; now in more recent years, there have been reports of what could be considered ‘traditional’ street gangs espousing Sovereign Citizen rhetoric. Whether this rhetoric is mere camouflage used in an effort to avoid arrest or something that they actually adhere to is the question; but the fact remains, they are embracing an extremist ideology. Then there are the individuals who have outright joined terrorist groups and have taken part in terrorist attacks.

Since 2007, more than a dozen American citizens of Somali descent have joined Al-Shabab, a terrorist group with ties to Al-Qaeda. Several of those individuals were positively identified gang members before they left. In earlier 2014, a video of alleged Los Angeles gang members surfaced online, reportedly showing them fighting for Syrian forces and for Hezbollah – another designated terrorist group. Unfortunately, this is not the only tie between a criminal gang and this particular terrorist organization. In late 2007, a seemingly small time drug ring in Southern California was raided by federal law enforcement officials and was found to be financially supporting Hezbollah.

The connection between organized crime and terrorism is often much closer than we believe. Learning about and identifying the cooperative activities between the two is vital to disrupting both groups. If we ignore or underestimate their ties we only set ourselves up for failure.

By: Brice Allen

​In law enforcement, it has always been important to practice what is known as OPSEC (OPerational SECurity) to protect ongoing police operations or criminal investigations. However, good OPSEC has to be extended to include PERSEC (PERsonal SECurity) as well. Admittedly, this should not be a new concept to anyone in law enforcement, but let’s be honest – it is easy to fall into the trap of thinking that “my personal life is my personal life” and that it is somehow separate from our professional lives. It’s not. At least, not to the bad guys. In recent weeks there have been a number of reports that indicate overseas terrorist groups have been calling for attacks to be carried out against law enforcement officers and other government officials. Combine this with the recent uptick of anti police rhetoric being seen on social media, implied and actual death threats against police officers, and the increase of ambush style attacks on law enforcement officers nationwide and we are at the point of storms colliding.

In our day to day physical routine, there are certain precautions that we can take to protect ourselves. We are aware of our surroundings, we look for changes in the baseline behavior of the persons in the community, we watch for surveillance being conducted on us, etc. But what about in our digital lives? It is here that most of us fail to recognize the vulnerabilities that we create for ourselves. I’ve seen a lot of extremes when it comes to OPSEC with police officers.  They either hide everything or they hide nothing. It’s always been this way. However, what we have to realize (and accept) is that we cannot keep our entire lives a secret and expect to live our lives – there has to be a balance. Deleting your entire digital footprint is not realistic or even desirable. But minimizing what is out there for an adversary to use against you is. In this case, an adversary could be the thief that knows cops keep weapons and equipment in their homes or vehicles, or it could be the bad guy that wants to kidnap, harm, or kill you (or your family). 

What you have to protect isn’t just people and stuff – you have to protect or at least control what are called indicators. An indicator is something that gives up valuable information about your identity and your vulnerabilities. Realistically, you cannot protect 100% of your indicators. In the physical world every time you put on a uniform, respond to a call, or otherwise identify yourself as a police officer – you reveal an indicator and thus expose yourself to becoming a potential target. In the digital world however, most times you can control these indicators and only reveal what you choose to.

A good balance to reducing your online indicators is to not openly share information about who you are or what you do with people until you feel that you not only trust them, but that they need to know the information.  In this respect, you should have a very tight circle of friends that know everything and a wider circle that does not know everything but knows some, and the rest who don’t know anything. By controlling your indicators, you can maintain a proper balance with your OPSEC and still be able to continue with your life – both personal and professional. Consider your social media accounts – Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, etc – how many ‘friends’ do you have that you actually know? What about their friends? Do you identify yourself as a police officer? Do you post photos of yourself in uniform? Do you only post articles that support or endorse the law enforcement profession? I’m not saying that any of these things are bad, but every one of them is an indicator of what you do and who you are. Combine these with clues from your comments, (such as, “I’m on the midnight shift – Merry Christmas to me!”) and with the pictures of your family in the backyard; and someone could find out where you live, who else lives there, and even when you’ll be gone. The posting of photos and videos provide deeper insights into you, your family and friends, your house, what you drive, your favorite hobbies, and your interests. All of these are useful for a bad guy to build a target profile of you.

While law enforcement is an honorable profession, it is one where we need to exercise good judgment and appropriate OPSEC. As such I would recommend that law enforcement officers remove or limit their online presence – especially those profiles that identify them as a representative of the law enforcement profession. This means photos, videos, or posts that directly or indirectly associates them with law enforcement. In fact, you should take steps to remove your personal information from internet databases as well. At a minimum, personally identifiable information should be altered to include names, dates of birth, addresses, email addresses, and phone numbers (as a side, but very important note – information about your children should always be kept confidential – where they go to school, their friends, etc). In some cases, keeping your online identity confidential may not always be possible, especially if your agency lists you as a representative for the agency, but you should control the indicators that you can – such as those on your social media accounts.

The key thing to remember is that any information that reveals something about you should be protected. Go through your social media profiles and start scrubbing that information. Then make sure that from now on, you only put information out to those that really need it.